Iziphene zokuLahla uTyalo-mali: Yintoni enokungahambi kakuhle, kutheni, kunye nendlela abaSeki boMgangatho abayiNqanda ngayo

Yonke into yokuphosa isinyithi libali lentsimbi elulwelo ekhenkceza ukuya kwimilo eqinileyo, kwaye njengalo naliphi na ibali, inokuphuma ngaphandle kwescript. I-Porosity, i-shrinkage, inclusions, i-cold shuts - la magama avela kwiingxelo ze-Foundry kunye neengxoxo ze-RFQ, kwaye zithwala iindleko zokwenene xa zivela kwiindawo zakho. Eli nqaku lisisikhokelo solwimi olucacileyo kwiziphene ezibalulekileyo ekufakweni kotyalo-mali: yintoni ebangela nganye, ukuba zichongiwe njani, kwaye - okona kubaluleke kakhulu - yintoni eyenziwa ngumgangatho wesiseko ukuthintela ukufikelela kuwe.

Okokuqala, Iindaba Ezilungileyo

Ukuphoswa kotyalo-mali yeyona nkqubo inyamezela isiphene kwijiyometri entsonkothileyo kuba ilawula uhambo lwesinyithi ngcono kunezinye. Ipatheni ye-wax inika i-cavity echanekileyo, igobolondo ye-ceramic inika i-mold ecocekileyo, kwaye i-Foundry inokondla isinyithi esiqinileyo ngendlela elawulwayo. Isiphumo: imilinganiselo yesiphene kwimigca ye-silica sol eqhutywa kakuhle iphantsi, kwaye iindawo ezifuna ukunyanzeliswa, ukumelana nokudinwa okanye ukucoceka kwe-cosmetically kwenziwa rhoqo ngale ndlela. Iziphene azinakuphepheka - ziintsilelo zenkqubo, kwaye inkqubo elungileyo yobunjineli iyabathintela.

I-Shrinkage Porosity: Esona siphene singaqondwa kakuhle

Njengoko isinyithi solwelo siphola siqine, siyacutheka - iintsimbi malunga ne-2-3% ngomthamo. Ukuba i-shrinkage ayihlawulwanga ngokutya okongeziweyo kwesinyithi kwindawo yokukhenkceza, inxalenye iphela nge-voids yangaphakathi: i-shrinkage porosity. Esi sisiphene sabathengi abaxhalabele kakhulu, kwaye ngesizathu esihle: singaphakathi, asibonakali ngaphandle, kwaye sinokuhlala kanye apho ungafuni khona - phantsi kwendawo yokutywina, kumphathi otyebileyo, kuxinzelelo loxinzelelo.

Kutheni kwenzeka: ukuqina kuqala kwindonga yokubumba kwaye iqhubela phambili ngaphakathi. Imimandla yokugqibela yokukhenkceza - awona macandelo atyebileyo, "iindawo ezishushu" - zezokugqibela ukufumana intsimbi yokutya. Ukuba i-Foundry ayikhange iyilwe i-casting ngokutya okwaneleyo (izinyusi / i-feeders) kunye nesango lokungena, imimandla elambileyo iyayikhupha.

Indlela abasunguli bomgangatho abayikhusela ngayo:

• Ukulinganisa uyilo lokutyisa - iziseko zangoku ziqhuba ukulinganisa ukuqinisa (umzekelo, i-MAGMA okanye i-equivalent) kuyo yonke indawo entsha ngaphambi kokugalelwa kokuqala, ebonisa apho iindawo ezishushu ziyakwenza kunye nokulinganisa i-feeders ukubuyisela
• Ukubekwa kweRiser kunye nobukhulu - iifidi ezibekwe kumacandelo anzima, ubukhulu bokuhlala ulwelo kude kube ngumkhenkce, emva koko zisuswe kwi-post-processing.
• Ukugodola - ukugodola kwangaphakathi kukhawulezisa ukuqina kumacandelo anzima, ukutsala indawo yokucutheka ukuya apho kunokondliwa khona.
• I-alloy-aware gating - i-alloy nganye iyancipha ngokuhlukileyo; iisistim zokungena ziyilwe ngokwebakala ngalinye

Ifunyaniswa njani: I-X-reyi (RT) kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic (UT) kwiisampulu zesampulu, kunye - ukwenzela ukusasazwa okubalulekileyo - ukwahlula kunye nokubhala amanqaku okuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuvakala kwangaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba imveliso iqhube.

I-Gas Porosity: Ingxaki yeBubble

I-gas porosity ibangelwa igesi ebanjwe kwintsimbi - iigesi ezinyibilikileyo (ingakumbi i-hydrogen kwiintsimbi), iigesi zokubumba, okanye umoya obanjwe ngexesha lokugalela. Njengoko isinyithi sibanda, irhasi enyityilisiweyo iphuma kwisisombululo kwaye yenza amaqamza angqukuva. Ngokungafaniyo ne-ragged, i-angular voids ye-shrinkage, i-gas pores ijikeleze kwaye ihlala isasazwa kwicandelo.

Kutheni kusenzeka: imathiriyeli yentlawulo emanzi okanye emdaka, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, iqokobhe elifumileyo okanye izinto ezingundoqo, ukungaphumi kakuhle komngxuma wokungunda, okanye ukugalela okufunxa umoya kumlambo.

Indlela abasunguli bomgangatho abayikhusela ngayo:

• Izinto zokutshaja ezicocekileyo, ezomileyo kunye nesenzo esilawulwayo sokunyibilika (i-deoxidation yeentsimbi)
• Ukudubula kwegobolondo okususa bonke ubumanzi kwi-ceramic ngaphambi kokugalela
• Ukugalelwa okulawulwayo - ukuhamba kwe-laminar, ubushushu obuchanekileyo, kunye nesantya sokuthulula esihambelana neqokobhe
• Uyilo lweVent - ke umoya osusiweyo kumngxunya uyabaleka endaweni yokuba uvaleleke

Indlela efunyenwe ngayo: Ukuhlolwa kweX-reyi; Umphezulu werhasi porosity inokubonakala njengemingxuma emincinci emva kokuqhushumba, yiyo loo nto isiseko esilungileyo sijonga amanqaku okuqala kunye nobuchule benkqubo, hayi nje iindawo zokugqibela.

Ukubandakanywa: Imizimba yangaphandle kwiMetal

I-inclusions i-non-metallic particles - i-slag, i-refractory, i-mold material, i-oxides - ibanjwe kwi-casting. Zisiphene esidla ngokubangela ukusilela "ukuvuza" kwiindawo zoxinzelelo kunye nokumangalisa komatshini xa umsiki ebetha iqhekeza elilukhuni leceramic.

Kutheni kwenzeka: ukunyibilika okumdaka (i-slag ethathwe kwisithando somlilo), i-shell ekhutshiweyo yezinto eziwela emgodini, okanye iifilimu ze-oxide ezenziwe ngexesha lokuthululwa kwesiphithiphithi.

Indlela abasunguli bomgangatho abayikhusela ngayo:

• Ulawulo lwe-slag - uyilo lwe-ladle, i-slagging phambi kokugalelwa, kunye neenkqubo zokuthululela ezibamba i-slag ngaphambi kokuba ifike kumngxuma (i-gating enezihluzi - izihluzi ze-ceramic ze-foam zisemgangathweni kwimigca yomgangatho)
• Ukunyaniseka kweqokobhe — amaqokobhe anamandla, adityaniswe kakuhle angavuthi; ukudipha okulawulwayo kunye nokudubula
• Ukuthulula okucocekileyo - ulawulo lobushushu, isiphithiphithi esincinci, kunye nezihluzo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo
• Izihluzi ze-Ceramic foam kwinkqubo yesango lokubamba ukufakwa ngaphambi kokuba bangene ekukhanyisweni - eyona nto isebenzayo yokuzikhusela

Ifunyaniswa njani: I-X-reyi yokuqukwa kwangaphakathi, isuntswana elizibuthe (MT) lazo ezikufutshane nomphezulu, kunye nokuhlolwa okubonakalayo komphezulu oomatshini.

Izivalo ezibandayo kunye neeMisruns: Iingxaki zokuHamba

Ukuvalwa okubandayo kwenzeka xa imijelo emibini yesinyithi idibana kodwa isilela ukuxubha ngokupheleleyo - umgca obonakalayo okanye ongabonakaliyo, kaninzi ekupheleni kwecandelo elincinci. I-Misruns ayizaliswanga ngokupheleleyo, apho isinyithi singakhange sifike kwindawo yokubumba. Zombini zinxulumene nokuqukuqela kwaye zombini zibonisa rhoqo kwiindonga ezibhityileyo.

Isizathu sokuba zenzeke: intsimbi egalelwe ibanda kakhulu, iqokobhe libanda kakhulu, amacandelwana abhityileyo athi abe ngumkhenkce phambi kokuzaliswa, okanye ukuphuma komoya okunganelanga okucinezela intsimbi ngasemva.

Indlela iziseko ezisemgangathweni ziyikhusela ngayo: ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokugalelwa kweqondo lobushushu ngealloyi nganye, amaqokobhe afudunyezwe ngaphambili apho afuneka khona, ukufikeleleka okuchanekileyo kweqokobhe, ukugaywa kwesango kuyilelwe ukugcwalisa amacandelo abhityileyo kuqala, kunye nokubekwa kwe-vent ukunqanda uxinzelelo ngasemva. Ukulinganisa kubonisa iipateni zokuzalisa phambi kokugalela kokuqala.

Ifunyaniswa njani: ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kunye novavanyo lokungena (PT) kwiindawo ezikrokrelwayo; amacandelo odonga olubhityileyo ayahlolwa kuphononongo loyilo lokusaswa.

Ukukrazula okushushu: Ukuqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo

Iinyembezi ezishushu ziintanda ezenzeka ngexesha lokuqiniswa, xa i-semi-solid casting isebuthathaka kwaye igxininiswe ngokushwabana - ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinguqu zecandelo, iikona ezibukhali, okanye apho iqokobhe lixhathisa ukucutheka.

Kutheni zisenzeka: ikona ebukhali igxininisa ubunzima; iqokobhe elomeleleyo okanye eliqina kakhulu libamba isakhelo ngokuchasene nokushwabana kwalo; ingxubevange eshushu-mfutshane (ebuthathaka kubushushu obuphezulu) ikrazula ngokulula.

Indlela iziseko ezisemgangathweni zikuthintela ngayo: iifillet ezinesisa endaweni yeekona ezibukhali (umgaqo woyilo esiwusebenzisayo ekuphononongeni umzobo), izixhobo zeqokobhe ezenzelwe ukudilika kancinci ngexesha lokupholisa, kunye nokukhetha kwealloyi elinganisa amandla ashushu. Ukulinganisa kuqikelela umngcipheko wokukrazula kwaye isiseko silungelelanisa ipateni kunye neqokobhe ngokufanelekileyo.

Inkqubo yoThintelo lweSiphene ye-Foundry

Uthintelo alulothamsanqa - yinkqubo, kwaye ngowona mahluko mkhulu phakathi komthengisi kunye neqabane lokuphosa. Inkqubo esebenzayo inamaleko amane:

1. Ukulinganisa-ubunjineli bokuqala. Ukuqinisa kunye nokuzalisa ukulinganisa kuyo yonke inxalenye entsha ngaphambi kokuba isixhobo sinqunywe. Olu lolona thintelo lungabizi kakhulu lwesiphene olukhoyo - ingxaki ebanjwe kwiindleko zokulinganisa iyure; ingxaki efanayo kwimveliso ixabisa ibhetshi elahlekileyo.
2. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenqaku lokuqala kunye ne-NDE. Imveliso yokuqala ye-X-rayed, icandelo, kwaye ihlolwe nge-metallographically. Kulapho isandi sangaphakathi singqinwa khona - phambi kokuba kukhululwe isixhobo sokuqhuba uthotho.
3. Ulawulo lwenkqubo yamanani kwimveliso. Iiparamitha eziqhuba iziphene - ukushisa okuthululwayo, umgangatho wegobolondo, i-chemistry enyibilikayo - iyalinganiswa kwaye ilawulwe kwimida, kungekhona nje "ihlolwe."
4. Amasango okuhlolwa kwenkqubo. I-RT / UT kumacandelo esampula kwiifrikhwensi ezichaziweyo, i-MT / PT kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo, kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-CMM e-dimensional - ngoko i-drift ibanjwe kwiiyure, kungekhona emva kokuthunyelwa.

E-Ningbo Ruican, le yeyona nkqubo kanye ifuna isatifikethi sethu se-IATF 16949 kwaye iminyaka yethu eyi-17+ yamava omdlalo ilungisiwe. Xa umzobo womthengi unejiyometri enobungozi - umphathi onzima ecaleni kodonga olucekethekileyo, ikona yangaphakathi ebukhali, uvavanyo loxinzelelo olufunayo - iqela lethu lobunjineli liyiflegi kwikowuteshini, hayi emva kwebhetshi yokuqala embi.

Yintoni abaThengi kufuneka babuze iFoundry yabo

Impendulo ye-Foundry kule mibuzo ikuxelela ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na incwadana enemifanekiso:

1. "Ngaba uqhuba ukulinganisa ukuqinisa kuyo yonke indawo entsha?" — Ukuba impendulo “yeyamalungu antsonkothileyo kuphela,” buza ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezitsitywayo kwaye kutheni.
2. "Sithini isicwangciso sakho sokuqinisekisa inqaku lokuqala?" — Ngaba iX-reyi kunye necandelo lokuqala amanqaku, okanye khangela nje imilinganiselo?
3. "Uzibeka phi izihluzi kwisango lakho?" - Izihluzi zeCeramic kwimigca esemgangathweni zisemgangathweni; "Asizisebenzisi" luphawu lwesilumkiso.
4. "Zithini iireyithi zakho ezilahliweyo ezinxulumene nesiphene kwiindawo ezifanayo?" — Inombolo yokwenyani, nokuba ayingoziro, yimpendulo oyifunayo.
5. "Utshintshe ntoni emva kwesiganeko sakho sokugqibela sesiphene?" -Inkcubeko yokuphucula eqhubekayo ibonisa kwiimpendulo eziphathekayo.

Umgca ongezantsi

Iziphene zokuphosa azimangalisi. Ngamnye wabo - i-shrinkage, i-gas porosity, i-inclusions, i-cold shuts, iinyembezi ezishushu - inesizathu sokulawula inkqubo, kwaye wonke umntu unokuthintelwa ngobunjineli. I-Foundries ekhusela iziphene ngokungaguquguqukiyo yizona zinamandla okulinganisa, isicatshulwa sokuqala sokuqinisekiswa kwenqaku, i-SPC kwimveliso, kunye nenkqubo yomgangatho eyenza uthintelo lunyanzeliso kunokuba lukhethe.

I-Ningbo Ruican yenza ii-castings zotyalo-mali kwi-carbon steel, i-alloy steel, insimbi engenasici kunye ne-ductile iron, kunye ne-in-house CNC machining, i-NDE ikhono, kunye ne-IATF 16949 yolawulo oluqinisekisiweyo lomgangatho. Ukuba unenxalenye apho isandi sangaphakathi sibalulekile - umzimba wevalvu, i-impeller yepompo, isibiyeli sesakhiwo - sithumele umzobo kwaye sikubonise inkqubo yethu yokuthintela esebenzayo.

Xoxa ngomngcipheko wesiphako sakho kunye neqela lethu lobunjineli ku-www.kstcasting.com.